Tuesday, August 6, 2019
How to Write a Good Dental School Essay Example for Free
How to Write a Good Dental School Essay This article was created by a professional writer and edited by experienced copy editors, both qualified members of the Demand Media Studios community. All articles go through an editorial process that includes subject matter guidelines, plagiarism review, fact-checking, and other steps in an effort to provide reliable information. By WayneS, eHow Contributor Writing a good dental school essay may may be the difference between being accepted and rejected. An important part of applying to dental schools is writing a personal essay. The essay provides applicants with a chance to relate the attributes they would bring to the school and show their commitment to the field. It also offers applicants a chance to demonstrate how dental school will fulfill their professional and personal goals. Essays can be a deciding factor when schools make admission decisions, so applicants should put a lot of careful time and effort into writing them. Instructions Devote a lot of time to brainstorming. A clear understanding of exactly what you want to say is a necessary step when writing a compelling and effective dental school essay. While brainstorming, keep the three major goals of the essay in mind. First, establish exactly why you want to be a dentist. Second, think of any personal experiences that will prove helpful in dental school. Finally, search for qualities that would make you a good dentist. These can include schoolwork, clinical experience and community activities. Think of personal stories that will show you can be successful in dental school and dentistry. These stories should demonstrate the compassion needed to be a good dentist and identify experiences and skills youwill bring to dental school. Start the essay by using one of these stories. This will draw the reader into the essay more effectively than a list of accomplishments. Organize the essay. Determine the major points that you need to make in the essay and organize stories and information around those points. Instead of just relating all the stories at one time, organize the essay by topics. One topic can be how you have enthusiasm for the field. Then, use stories and information to demonstrate that enthusiasm. Â Write the essay so it reflects the way you speak. It should flow naturally and be easy to read, not pedantic and full of jargon. The purpose is to sell yourself to show how you would be a great asset to the school and the field of dentistry. Â Avoid cliches and worn-out themes. Use stories and practical examples to show the why the school should admit you. Do not just say that the you are committed or enjoy helping people. Provide practical examples of this commitment and desire to help. Have someone with a solid journalism or English background proofread the essay. Typos and misspellings can make you appear unprofessional and increase the chances of rejection.
Monday, August 5, 2019
Effect of Carbon Atoms Number in Alcohol on Combustion
Effect of Carbon Atoms Number in Alcohol on Combustion Research Question How does the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain of primary alcohol affect its enthalpy change of combustion? Independent Variable The independent variable in this investigation is the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain of primary alcohol. Five different primary alcohol will be used, namely, methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol. Dependent Variable: The dependent variable in this investigation is the enthalpy change of combustion of primary alcohol. Enthalpy change of combustion is the energy released when one mole of fuel is completely burnt in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. To measure the enthalpy change of combustion, the heat given out during combustion is first absorbed by water which is calculated by q = mc à ¯Ã‚ „T where m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat capacity of water and à ¯Ã‚ „T is the temperature change of water. The heat given out is then divided by the number of moles of alcohol used during the investigation. As combustion is an exothermic reaction, a negative sign is added to give the final enthalpy change of combustion. Control Variables: The table below shows the variables that have to be controlled: Hypothesis: The higher the number of carbon is in the hydrocarbon chain, the greater the enthalpy change of combustion of the primary alcohol. One of the evidence for this hypothesis comes from the IB Chemistry data booklet. The standard enthalpy change of combustion for methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol and butan-1-ol are –726 kJmol-1, –1367 kJmol-1, –2021 kJmol-1 and –2676 kJmol-1 [1]respectively. Another way to get this trend is to use the average bond enthalpy to estimate the enthalpy change of combustion. Though average bond enthalpies are just average values only, they do give an insight on the trend of the enthalpy change of combustion of different alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is CnH2n+2O. The general equation for combustion of alcohol is CnH2n+2O (l) + 1.5nO2 (g) à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ nCO2(g) + (n+1)H2O(l) When the number of carbon increases by one, the following table shows the extra bonds to be broken and extra bonds formed: The average bond enthalpies for the above bonds are shown in the table below: [2] The net change in enthalpy change when one more carbon is added = + 2 Ãâ€" 413 + 347 – 2 Ãâ€" 746 – 2 Ãâ€" 464 = – 1247 kJmol-1 Thus, the enthalpy change of combustion of primary alcohol will decrease by 1247 kJmol-1 (more negative) when one more carbon is added to the hydrocarbon chain. Apparatus: 100 cm3 measuring cylinder ( ±1 cm3) Ãâ€" 6 (one for each alcohol and the other for water) (2 d.p. ) Electronic balance ( ±0.01 g) Ãâ€" 1 Tripod Ãâ€" 1 Copper container with lid Ãâ€" 15 (one for each trial) Stand and clamp Ãâ€" 1 (use to hold the thermometer in position) Mercury in glass thermometer ( ±0.1à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °C) Ãâ€" 2 (one is used to measure temperature of water and the other used for monitoring the temperature of surrounding) Stirrer Ãâ€" 1 Aluminium heat shield Ãâ€" 4 (to reduce heat loss) Spirit burner with wick Ãâ€" 15 (one for each trial) Lid Ãâ€" 1 (for extinguishing the flame) Stopwatch ( ±0.01 s) Ãâ€" 1 Ruler ( ±0.1 cm) to measure the length of wire and the position of the thermometer Scissor Ãâ€" 1 (used to cut the wick) Chemicals 750 cm3 of distilled water (50 cm3 for each trial) 100 g of each of the following primary alcohol at a concentration of 90%. Methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol Procedures Prepare a spirit burner. Cut the length of its wick to approximately 3.0 cm (the portion outside the burner) with a pair of scissors and a ruler. Measure 50 cm3 of methanol with a 100 cm3 measuring cylinder and pour it in a spirit burner. Weight the spirit burner with an electronic balance. Record the mass of the spirit burner in the table below. Measure 50 cm3 of distilled water with another 100 cm3 measuring cylinder and pour it in a copper container. Place the copper container on a tripod and cover it with a lid. Use stand and clamp to hold a thermometer in the beaker of water. Use a ruler to make sure that the bottom of the thermometer is 1.0 cm from the bottom of the beaker and make sure the thermometer is approximately located at the centre of the beaker. Record the initial temperature of the water and put it in the table below. Place a stirrer in the water. Stir the water throughout the process of heating. Surround the whole setup with heat shield made of aluminium to reduce heat loss. Ignite the wick of the spirit burner with a lighter. Place the spirit burner under the beaker. Immediately start the stopwatch and wait for two minutes. Stop the stopwatch after two minutes. Use a lid to extinguish the flame. Record the highest temperature reached by the thermometer and put it in the table below. Allow the spirit burner to cool. Weigh the final mass of the spirit burner with an electronic balance. Put the mass in the table shown below. Repeat the experiment (Step 1 to 16) two more times. Repeat the same experiment (Step 1 to 17) for other primary alcohols (i.e. ethanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol). Table for recording raw data and some processed data: Data Processing The mass of fuel used (m) is calculated by subtracting the final mass of spirit burner from the initial mass of spirit burner. The temperature change (à ¯Ã‚ „T) is calculated by subtracting the final temperature by the initial temperature. The heat (q) absorbed by water can be calculated by the formula q = mc à ¯Ã‚ „T where m is the mass of water used: 50 g (as the density of water is 1 g cm-3) c is specific heat capacity of water: 4.18 Jg-1K-1 Number of moles of fuel used can be calculated by dividing the mass of fuel used (m) by the molar mass of the fuel. The molar mass is found by adding up the relative atomic mass of the element involved. For example, the molar mass of methanol (CH3OH) is 12.01 + 4 Ãâ€" 1.01 + 16.00 = 32.05 gmol-1. The enthalpy change of combustion of alcohol is found by dividing the heat by the number of moles of fuel with a negative sign added to show that it is exothermic. A graph is plotted with enthalpy change of combustion (y-axis) against the number of carbon atom is the hydrocarbon chain of the primary alcohol (x-axis). Compare this graph with the graph in the hypothesis. Safety Alcohols are flammable. Avoid naked flame near alcohol. [1] Chemistry data booklet (First examinations 2009). United Kingdom: International Baccalaureate, 2008. Print. [2] Chemistry data booklet (First examinations 2009). United Kingdom: International Baccalaureate, 2008. Print.
Sunday, August 4, 2019
death of a salesman :: essays research papers
                                        Capitalism in â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, is undermining to the human spirit and human condition. In â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, money was the Loman’s biggest issue. That’s is not to say that if he had money it would not have made things better. Willy left home with financial problems, he came home with financial problems. To Willy it was never enough. He never made enough, he wasn’t the man that he portrayed to be to the children. But with Willy it was always his bills, bills, bills. â€Å"Willy: What do we owe? Linda: Well, on the first there’s sixteen dollars on the refrigerator- Willy: Why sixteen? Linda: Well, the fan belt broke, so it was a dollar eighty. Willy: But it’s brand new. Linda: Well, the man said that’s the way it is. Till they work themselves in, y’know. Willy: I hope we don’t get stuck on that machine. Linda: They got the biggest ads of any of them! Willy: I know, it’s a fine machine. What else? Linda: Well, There’s nine-sixty for the washing machine. And for the vacuum cleaner there’s three and a half due on the fifteenth. Then the roof you got twenty-one dollars remaining. Willy: It don’t leak, does it? Linda: No, they did a wonderful job. Then you owe Frank for the carburetor.†                                                       QUALLS 2      Linda Loman, was the wife of Willy Loman. She never complained about money, her biggest issue was to make sure that her husband didn’t run himself raggedy with mental problems. She always thought that they would make it. Linda was very assertive, and never had anything bad to say. â€Å"Willy: You’re not worried about me, are you, sweetheart? Biff: What’s the matter? Happy: Listen! Linda: You’ve got too much on the ball to worry about.
Elie Wiesel Essay -- essays research papers fc
Elie Wiesel The book Night opens in the town of Signet where Elie Wiesel, the author , was born . He lived his child hood in the Signet, Transylvania . He had three sisters Hilda, Bea, and Tzipora. His father was an honored member of the Jewish community. He was a cultured man concerned about his community yet, he was not an emotional man. His parents were owners of a shop and his two oldest sisters worked for his parents. Elie was a school boy and interested in studying the Zohar â€Å"the cabbalistic books, the secrets of Jewish mysticism†(Wiesel 3). His teacher was a foreigner, Moshe the Beadle, a â€Å"poor barefoot of Signet†(Wiesel 3). He was Elie's teacher until he was forced to leave Signet by the Hungarians because he was a foreign Jew. After several months Elie saw Moshe the Beadle once again. Moshe the Beadle told his story about his journey that the Jews were forced to get out and dig grave which would become final resting places for prisoners who were killed. Luckily, Moshe the Beadle was able to escape. He pretended that he was dead in order to escape being killed. Not only did Moshe tell his story to Elie, he wanted to warn the Jews of Signet of what could happen to them. However, they only thought it was a vivid imagination speaking from his lips. No one wanted to believe his story and people lived life as usual. It was not until German troops would enter Hungarian territory that life would change for the Jews of Signet. At first the German soldiers did not seem like a threat. During the week of Passover things seemed to be going well. People were celebrating yet, it was not a complete celebration. On the seventh day of the Passover Jewish leaders of the community were arrested. After that rules were set by the Germans. Jews were confined to their homes for three days and they could no longer keep valuables such as gold, jewelry and other objects. The Germans took it all. Elie's father managed to bury the family's savings in the cellar. After the three days Jews had to wear a yellow star. After this more rules were set. Jews could not go to restaurants, travel on railways, go to synagogues, or go out after six o'clock. As if the rules and restrictions were not enough. Soon Jews would be placed in Ghettos. There were two gettos set up in Signet. These ghettos were fenced in with barbed wire and the windows of the houses facing the street were boarded... ...last moments of his life. On January 28, 1945 Elie went to sleep and his father was still alive. When he woke up the next day his father was gone(Wiesel 106). On April 11,1945 Elie was free. The Americans moved in on Buchenwald and took over the camp. The first thing the free men wanted was food. They could not think of revenge or their families â€Å"Nothing but bread†(Wiesel 109). Elie was sick from food poisoning after the liberation, he almost died. However, when he was finally able to get up and look in the mirror after so many years he did not even recognize himself. All he could see was a â€Å"corpse†staring back at him. Elie Wiesel now lives in the United Stated under the name of Andrew Mellon. He is the Professor of Humanities at Boston University. He is also Chairman of the Holocaust Memorial Council. This organization is a nonpolitical organization that was formed to educate people of the crimes put forth on the Jewish people during the Holocaust (Chaimberlin 14). Works Cited Chamberlin, Brewster, and Marcia Feldman eds. The Liberation of the Nazi Concentration Camps 1945. Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C, 1987. Wiesel, Elie. Night . Bantam Books: New York, 1989 .
Saturday, August 3, 2019
The Use of Language in A Fable for Tomorrow by Rachel Carson Essay exam
The Use of Language in A Fable for Tomorrow by Rachel Carson The extracts give the impression of stark contrast, even contradictions, from the very beginning. The author chooses to use the word fable in the title, which, traditionally, is something fictional and also usually refers to the past and yet this is coupled with ‘tomorrow’. This indicates that the author is looking to show the reader that, although the situation she refers to in the second extract may not be factual in its entirety, it may not be long before it is. Carson uses graphical descriptions to convey the idea of harmony and peacefulness in the first paragraph ‘white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields’. The author uses all of the senses to invite the reader to picture the scene more vividly. Carson uses language that suggests she has seen the subject matter on several occasions and knows it well, she describes how the scene changes from spring to autumn ‘oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour’ and then to winter ‘dried weeds rising above the snow’. Carson’s detailed descrip...
Friday, August 2, 2019
McDonaldization of Society
Ritzer’s theory of McDonaldization proposes a new interpretation of modern world order, social structure of society and business relations. Efficiency is one of the main components of McDonaldization. Ritzer (2000) explains: â€Å"McDonald's offers efficiency, or the optimum method for getting from one point to another. For consumers, this means that McDonald's offers the best available way to get from being hungry to being full†(9). Efficiency helps companies to adopt particular cause of action. Efficiency means the best solution to meet the needs of parties involved. Efficiency involves the identification of a problem or issue which requires consideration. At this stage there will be a decision to do nothing or pursue the issue. For instance, fast food restaurants help customers to save time and money. People can buy meals in a short period of time ‘without leaving their cars’ (9). Efficiency can be explained as rationality, fast service delivery and low cost solutions.  Continued change is inevitable and likely to develop at an even faster rate. â€Å"The fast-food model offers people, or at least appears to offer them, an efficient method for satisfying many needs†(10). A salad bar is a vivid example of efficiency: a customer buys a plat and creates a salad himself. By keep ing the objectives in mind and always looking for ways in which both parties can work together to achieve their common objectives, it should be easier to reach a mutually acceptable service. If efficiency concept is followed, the company is required to identify possible courses of customers’ action to solve the problem. www.expedia.com is a travel agency which follows an efficiency principle in order to deliver quality services at low cost. ‘Self-service’ is the main tool used by Expedia Travel. A client can plan his trip or vocation according to his budget and wants. A client calculates the price of his trip himself and can reduce its cost choosing a cheaper hotel or flight. This self-service presents opportunities for diverse customer groups. This approach is interesting to everyone who wants to plan a good vocation at low cost. On the other hand, a client is forced to spend more time on planning and organizing process, mastering new technology and computer skills. The case of Expedia travel shows that in changing environment, the use of technology requires more problem solving skills and the ability to interpret data. Routine tasks requiring a low level of skill are disappearing fast. Used in conjunction with flexible planning, efficiency requires a customer’s participation in service delivery. Using this approach many firms adopted that principle understands it as clients’ participation in planning which have the potential to improve the quality of their work. Any improvement here is said to be beneficial. Important in the above is the recognition that involvement of clients in examining problems and seeking to develop solutions is only one part of the efficiency approach. Moreover, all manner of developments and improvements are discussed in the context of the strategy that management has agreed upon in order to turn the company around. Through involvement of all parties and by bringing in new skills new ways of doing things are sought. Ritzer’s concept of ‘efficiency’ shows that involvement of a customer/client in service delivery process helps companies to reduce operational costs and time. Ritzer underlines that a modern consumer pays for this privilege. Beyond this it is essential that customers are given a chance to seek out and develop cost-effective solutions. Works Cited Ritzer, G. The McDonaldization of Society. Pine Forge Press; 2000.
Thursday, August 1, 2019
Peapod Service Quality: Gap Analysis and Recommendations Essay
One of the pioneers of online grocery delivery service, Peapod LLC was founded in 1989 even before the dot-com era by brothers Andrew and Thomas Parkinson to cater to people who wanted a more convenient way of shopping for groceries. (Peapod LLC, 2008) In its modest beginnings, Peapod’s founders were deeply involved in the business, even using their own cars to deliver costumer orders. (Ibid) Peapod then partnered with Jewel Food Stores, Safeway, Stop & Shop, Giant, and The Kruger Company before it was fully acquired by Royal Ahold in 2001. Today, Peapod is touted as a leader in the online grocery delivery service with over 120,000 registered customers. (Lunce, Lunce, & Maniam, 2006, p. 60) Management and Consumer Expectations Clearly, the Peapod’s success in a highly competitive internet-based marketing can be attributed to a management that is knowledgeable about consumer expectations. (Ibid) There is a good fit between management and consumer expectations. Undoubtedly, Peapod appeals to consumers because it enables them to â€Å"more efficiently screen alternatives so that they can focus on alternatives that match their preferences. (Andrews & Currim, 2004, p. 43) Online shopping is also associated with convenience, as it allows consumers to look for and order products â€Å"almost instantaneously using electronic agents that use information about an individual consumer’s specific preferences and the alternatives available. †(Ibid) At the same time, the internet platform allows Peapod to know more about consumer expectations and to use this information to improve operations and processes. Peapod’s Commitment to Service Quality Peapod’s business model itself speaks of the managements’ awareness about the behavior and preferences of its target market, and its commitment of quality service delivery: an online grocery store that delivers grocery products right into â€Å"higher income, higher opportunity cost of time, and time-starved†(Andrews & Currim, 2004, p. 43) households who conveniently order these online. Peapod has ensures that it maintains its captive consumer base through advertising and marketing strategies. The Peapod website, for instance, allows the company to communicate its main purpose of being more of a â€Å"time-saving service and not merely a shopping service†(Lunce, Lunce, & Maniam, 2006, p. 59) to consumers and also depends heavily on word-of-mouth advertising. Actual Service Quality Delivery and Communications Lunce, Lunce, and Maniam (2006) observe that Peapod has maximized the use of the internet to â€Å"change the shopping experience altogether. †(p. 0) This means that Peapod was able to fully automate customer service processes through its main website, including providing customers with the ability to compare product specifications, maintain a list of their preferred brands and types of products for faster transactions. Likewise, Peapod clearly tries to maintain a sense of quality through its employees, especially Peapod drivers involved in the delivery of the orders who are at the frontline of Peapod’s operations and customer interaction. (p. 61) Unfortunately, Peapod is not free from weaknesses. This is evident in Peapod’s logistics system, particularly on its ability to achieve timely deliveries, which could make the company suffer from an erosion of customer confidence in their services. Holmstrom, Tanskanen, and Kamarainen (1999) argue that the â€Å"weakness in Peapod’s service is receiving of the products†(p. 2) by the costumers, which is related to the company’s difficulties in working with tight time windows for delivery and receipt by the ordering household. For consumers, the concept of an online grocery also carries higher service quality expectations. For an online grocery delivery business, â€Å"it is likely that the narrower the time window and the more prompt the delivery is, the higher the customer satisfaction is, which has a positive influence upon the repeat purchase. †(Lunce, Lunce, & Maniam, 2006, p. 56) Based from the author’s personal experience, it has become more difficult to schedule a delivery in Peapod’s system because of the increased number of consumers who order groceries from the company. The encounter with difficulties in scheduling for the delivery was unanticipated, as a customer expects Peapod service to be as good based from company promotion and as attested by some of its customers. This reflects a gap in the Peapod’s actual service delivery vis-a-vis the concept of convenience that the company tries hard to communicate, which affects the consumers’ perception of Peapod’s overall service quality and customer responsiveness. If left unaddressed, this could result to a decline in repeat purchase from customers. Analysis and Recommendation At the core of Peapod’s delivery problems is the level of integration in the company’s operations from the online ordering process to delivery booking and scheduling. It should be noted that Peapod operates only in five key cities in the United States, using a hybrid distribution system wherein Peapod utilizes its own warehouse and distribution center in Chicago while exploiting the infrastructure of its brick-and-mortar supermarket partners Stop & Shop and Giant in other areas. Holmstrom, Tanskanen, and Kamarainen (1999) argue that while Peapod’s hybrid distribution network allows it to lower operating costs, Peapod still has to maximize this distribution network to make more prompt and efficient deliveries. (p. 3) Peapod currently offers two modes of delivery: attended and unattended delivery wherein customers have the option of personally receiving their orders or having their orders delivered although they are not home. (Lunce, Lunce, & Maniam, 2006, p. 6) However, both mechanisms pose constraints in terms of cost efficiency as â€Å"attended delivery requires a certain density of customers to reside within the target market†while unattended delivery requires a â€Å"high initial investment cost†but has a â€Å"low utilization rate, and slow growth of demand. †(Lunce, Lunce, & Maniam, 2006, p. 57) To address customer complaints about delivery difficulties, Peapod can enhance its existing delivery systems by increasing the number of its delivery personnel and transportation in order to better manage the increased bulk of orders. The company can also evaluate its existing employee training program to address gaps in the company’s human resources ability to meet higher customer service quality expectations and demands. Likewise, Peapod can also upgrade its service features to enable automatic order replenishment aside from the deliver-on-demand system. This would enable the company to integrate its business with the household economics of its target market and facilitate better delivery schedule planning. Holmstrom, Tanskanen, & Kamarainen, 1999, p. 2) The replenishment system, which is focused on grocery stock replenishment of Peapod’s loyal customers, would reduce the stress put on the delivery system by random orders and ensure that the company is able to meet consumer expectations. Clearly, the main gap in Peapod’s business is its inability to meet customer expectations on prompt delivery, which is caused by weaknesses in its distribution process. This affects the consumer perception of Peapod’s service quality, which in turn could have an adverse impact on company sales and profitability. Thus, the company needs to examine the efficiency of its existing distribution network and enhance its capacity to meet consumer expectations either through restructuring or improving the current distribution fleet, or develop a new mechanism which lessens random delivery pressure and enables the company to focus on its most loyal patrons.
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